Submarine vessel and mechanism connected therewith.



No. 812,956. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

4 G. SIMPSON;

SUBMARINE VESSEL AND MECHANISM CONNECTED THBREWITH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 18, 1905..

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES. INVENTOR Qf /v MWQ/L No. 812,956. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

G. SIMPSON. SUBMARINE VESSEL AND MECHANISM CONNECTED THEREWITH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 18, 1905.

3 SHEETS -SHEET 2.

WITNESSES. & INI/E/VTOR ATTORNEY r in. 812,956. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

SIMPSON. SUBMARINE VESSEL AND MBGHANISM CONNECTED HER'EW'ITH.

APPLICATION FILED'JAN.18, 1905.

3 SHBETS-SHEET 3.

turns s ra'rns ii araivr oiri i GEORGE siiiPsoii-Lorthis.

SUBIWARINE VE To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEOR E SIMPSON, a subject of the King of Great Britain and he land, residing at Mariner Harbor, Richmond county, in the city and State of New York, have inventedccrtain usefulv and new ini- P ovenients in Submarine Vessels and Mechaiii'sinOonnected Therewith,of. which the following is a specification.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification. I

Figure 1 is a general longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan at approximately half the depth of vessel. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are respectively 'tl't'HSVBISQSOO- tions in the planes indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, the cross-section Fig. 3 being on the line 3 3 and the cross-section Fig. 41 being on the line 4; 4, &c. Fig. 8 is a side elevationf The succeeding figures show portions on a larger scale. Fig. .9 is a part cross-section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the extreme after portion. Fig. 11 is a corresponding plan view, partly in horizontal section. Fig. 12 is a transverse section at about the line 6 6 in. Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is a corresponding side elevation, partly in central longitudinal section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they Specification of Letters Patent. ii inmo'nfiled January iaieoa Eerie in. 241,541.

their equivalent arranged toserve this purpose. Up tothe presentsuccessful submarines have been of such dimensions and weight as to make them too unwieldy and cumbersome to be slung with facility on board of a larger war vessel. This submarine torpedo-boat will, on the contrary, constitute part of a war vessels boat outfit and can be carried at all times or only when on war service and can be used in any waters as part of the offensive equipment of the shipl A is the hull of the vessel, supernumerals being employed when necessary to indicate iiii. HARBOR, semen;

SSE-L Ann areal-item ,oowiiieoren THEREWlTl-l.

special parts thereof. A! i are the pad-eyes, and A A? are wire ropes or Older suitable slings adapted to be engaged therewith and disengaged thei-eiroiii to allow of hoisting the entire vessel by any surlicieiit force applied the apex A The entire structure is pro- Patented Feb. 2c, 1906.: i

norticned with reference to this capacity for I being lifted by the boat-cranes. davits, or derricks with which all war vessels are provided,

Experience has shown with existing subma rines that when a vessel is lying submerged in shallow water, as over harbor-barsor at the mouths of rivers, the vessel is subject to bumping the bottom, owing to the ground swell, the swell made by moving vessels, and other similar causes. The attendant jar or sudden shock reacts detrimentally on the 'main structure of the hull, causing leakage and derangement of machinery. To defend the submarine vessel against these sudden stresses, I provide a butler or fender keel or .keels having a base or bases sullicieiitly broad to take the impact and cushion it on powerful springs. A A are the sides of this keel.

cured to a stout bar A of rolled or built-up channel section, which engages between the sides A with freedom for vertical motion several inches below the lower edges of the side plates A In a vessel totally submerged it is well known that the shape of the displacement does not alter for any inclination. fore the upward-force of buoyancy must always act through the/same point-nainely, the center oi bu oyancyso that the stability at any angle of heel varies directly as the sine of that angle, and therefore to obtain the maximum of stability it is necessary to have a locus for the center of buoyancy as high up as possible, and this result I attain in my invention by making the transverse sections of the hull of approximately peanshaped section. Sections such as those which I have described are shown by Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, their corresponding locations being shown by dotted linespn Fig. 2.

The space between is open and receives aseries of strong springs B B, (shown There- Vessels of the submarine type are intended I for cruising on the surface as well as completely subinerged and when in the'foriner condition ml'ist have a certain amount of recome or destroy before the vessel can be sub- Y merging-compartments "to be merged. In my invention I rovidesubter, which are incorporated within and are --part of the structure of the vessel and placed ency toward invo driving-motor controlled automatica 1y. .As

I from the horizontal the end is set in motion and t rows a reacting jet "transverse or longitudinal inclinations.

. as near to the fore and aft center of ravity of the displacementaspracticable, T ese'compartments are arranged on the cellular system, each cell or combination of cells adapted forcontaining a sufficient volume of water ballast'jto submerge the vessel, the whole system of; cells being, inclosed by the bottom and sides of the vesseland by a steel flat-or inner bottom. The transverse plates. A? and the longitudinal plates A, which, with the sidesan bottom of the vessel, constitutethe-cells, are-shown. Thevalve A, through which the cells are filled or emptied, is shown on Fig. '1.

111 a submarine vessel the stability-is thesame in:alli directionsthat is, whether for It will therefore be seenthat such a "vessel is exceedingly sensitive to anything tendingv to.-

createamovementforward'or aft of the center of buoyancy. I provideagainst thistend ing' by fitting a centrifugal or otherkpumpin a pliance well forward and a similar-onewel .a t, each connected with an inde endent soon as the vessels fore and aft trim deviates of water downward thereby raising the submarine back to. the horizontal position. In addition to insurin' the horizontal equilibrium of the vessel t ese pumps may be used in combination topush the submarine upward equallyat each end when it is desired to rise to the surface of the water on a short visit for observation purposes. B B on the drawings, Fig. 1, show these pumping 'appliw ances; which are automatically controlled by an electrical pendulum-contact movement, (not shown,) placed, preferably, in the vicinityof the steersman. I combine with this slingable submarine vessel a single horizontal partially-balanced diving and ascendin rudder D, turning on a horizontal axis D an fitted symmetrically about .the center line'of the horizontal -plane.

E is a ru'dder carried on a vertical shaft E to control the lateral turning, This rudder is -housed entirely within 'the 6ver-all length of the submarine vessel. Each of these-rudders has approximately one-third of its total area forward of its turning axis and is prote'cted By guard shoes or brackets, one form of which is shown.

The horizontal shaft D of'the' driving-rud--- der iiD is operated by gearingD throug'ha shaft D ejt er by hand or automatically. The-vertical shaft E of therudderE is ed with wauntary downward plimgump at the lower turned by a tiller E. There maybe any ordinary or suitable ropes or other connections for turning this b hand or automatically.

.I' rovide anc ori ng gear which can be readiIy hoisted or let -go by the occupants or crew of the submerged vessel. The effectiveness of the vessel as'a destructive agent is greatly enhanced and its radius of action increased by'being'able to reserve-its fuel, air, &c., by lying-at anchor either afloat, awash, or totally submerged until the opportunity pi'esents itself for dealing the most efiective A is a s'tron ipe or tmbe'ofdiametersuitable forv the ca bIe' employed, increased in -diameter at the lower? art cfea' hous' the anchor-stock. A wine or reel-Ocames either a wire rope or chaincable, and the cable-extendsfromC over a sheave or rollerdown inside -of tube A and attached to anchor F.

'rior of the boat. Upon t e gearing-shaft is fitted a strong band-brake H of any ordiminating below the band brake and of square section. When it is desired to letgo theanchor, thenut H on the bandsbrake must be eased off, and the anchor will down by-its own Wei ht. Besides being ablelto check the spec at which the cable is being paid out, when enough cable is off the nut H will be tightened u and the revolutions of reel will cease, an the anchor F through-reel will hold the vessel.

When it is desired to weigh anchor, a: ortable crank-handle J is'shipped, one end eing a square socket embracingl'the s. uare end-ofgearing shaft G, the otherend ein made round to easily revolve in a suitab e ste One or two of the crew then man the clan .handle and wind the cable onto the reel C.

. P and'Q are torpedo-tubes, arranged oneabove the other and opening through the ((3)8118 forward and upward. The lowercap is pivoted to the ull at Qimmediately below the mouth of the tube. opens forward'and downward, and both are oplerated-by bevel-gears, the pin-of the miterw glandf I attach/ im ortance-to the direction of hinging of the ower-cap Q. homes where only one' t'ube 'is'employed the lower tube Q is selected.

Modifications may be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. Parts of the invention can be,used without the whole.

I propose to dispense'withthe eyes A and bow, where the torpedoes are introduced, the I This cap nary or suitable type, thegearing-shait tereel being made waterstight with a stuffing? the lifting-slings A when the vessel is assigned to a-land base and operated from such.

I claini- 1. A submarine'having a hull strengthened internally by, transverse partitions A and longitudinal partitionsA in the submer ing Water-tanks and externally by longitudinal plates A forming an open-faced keel a'nd inclosingbetglveen them a" rojeeting spring: .held bar A and the said having sling-receiving devices of sufficient strength to support the submarine in air attached to the submarin'es hull above the center of gravity, torpedo-discharging and ropeller-o eratingsaid hu substantially as described.

2; A submarine having each of the following features, namely: vertical rudder and horizontal rudder,- a hull devoid of external steering devices except said rudders and provided with an overhan above a rudder and propeller space, which ull is Wider at both submarine also the lane of the echani'sm being carrie by scri ed.

ends at the mid-height of said overhang than at the corresponding distance beloyv the center of gravity and is strengthened internally by transverse partitions A and longitudinal artitions A in the sub nerging water ta s and externally by longitudinal plates A formingan open-faced keel, slingreceiving devices-of suflicient strength to su ort the submarine in air attached-to said hull at about the level of said mid-height, a

roi'ecting spring-held bar A between said ee plat'es A", and an internally-located pump with :vertical dischar e for re ulating the position of the submarine relatively to horizon, substantially as de- Signed in the city of New York aforesaid this 16th day of January, 1905. 1

GEORGE SIMPSON.

Witnesses:

.THOMAS DREW STETsoN, Bnssm G. BRADY. 

